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The initial exercise prescription for a patient with single vessel coronary artery disease should focus on gradually introducing physical activity while considering the patient's overall cardiovascular condition and tolerance.

Prescribing exercise at 40-60% of maximum heart rate is a safe and effective approach as it targets a moderate-intensity level suitable for individuals with coronary artery disease. This intensity allows for cardiovascular benefits without significantly increasing the risk of excessive strain on the heart. The moderate range also facilitates improved exercise tolerance and helps patients build endurance progressively.

In contrast, other options may not align with the initial exercise recommendations for this patient population. For example, higher intensity levels like 65-75% of VO2 max might pose a greater risk for patients with heart conditions, especially initially. Similarly, while exercising for 30-60 minutes can be beneficial, starting with a lower duration and allowing for individual tolerance can be more beneficial for safety and adherence. Therefore, the initial focus should prioritize a conservative approach to exercise intensity, which is best represented by 40-60% of maximum heart rate.