National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

A patient showing symptoms including double vision and difficulty chewing is most likely suffering from which condition?

1. Bell palsy

2. Myasthenia gravis

3. Trigeminal neuralgia

4. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

The correct answer is: Myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis is characterized by weakness and rapid fatigue of voluntary muscles, which is caused by a communication breakdown between nerves and muscles. The symptoms of double vision (diplopia) and difficulty chewing are classic signs of this condition. In myasthenia gravis, the eye muscles can become weak, leading to issues such as double vision, while the muscles involved in chewing can also be affected, resulting in difficulty performing this function. This condition often fluctuates, with periods of strength and weakness, and it typically improves with rest. Understanding the neuromuscular junction's role in muscle contraction helps clarify why myasthenia gravis presents with such specific muscle-related challenges, distinguishing it from other conditions that might cause similar symptoms but with different underlying mechanisms.