National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

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A patient with symptoms of dark-colored urine, clay-colored stools, and right shoulder pain is most likely suffering from dysfunction of which organ?

Heart
Kidney
Liver
Pancreas

The correct answer is: Liver

The symptoms presented—dark-colored urine, clay-colored stools, and right shoulder pain—strongly indicate liver dysfunction. Dark urine can occur due to the accumulation of bilirubin in the bloodstream, a common symptom of liver issues, particularly in conditions like hepatitis or obstructive jaundice. Clay-colored stools arise when there is a lack of bilirubin reaching the intestines, also linked to liver dysfunction or blockages in the biliary tree. Right shoulder pain could be associated with referred pain from liver-related conditions or gallbladder issues, considering the anatomical proximity of these organs. In summary, these symptoms collectively point towards an issue with the liver, confirming that it is the organ most likely affected in this scenario.