National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

For a child with scoliosis, which area should receive three-point support in a wheelchair seating system?

1. The head, the pelvis, and the legs

2. The pelvis and upper trunk on the convex side

3. The pelvis and the upper rib cage on the concave side

4. The rib cage and lower extremities on the concave side

The correct answer is: The pelvis and upper trunk on the convex side

The correct answer involves providing three-point support to the pelvis and upper trunk on the convex side of the scoliosis. This approach is crucial for a child with scoliosis because it helps to maintain optimal alignment and symmetry. Scoliosis typically causes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, often resulting in uneven torso positioning. Providing support on the convex side of the curve—where the spine bulges outward—helps to counteract the spinal deformity by stabilizing the pelvis and the upper trunk. This support can minimize discomfort, prevent further postural deterioration, and enable better functional mobility within the wheelchair. Support on the convex side enhances the alignment of the child's body, reducing the risk of pressure sores and providing a more comfortable seated position. It can also facilitate better respiratory function by allowing for more symmetrical chest expansion during breathing. Other options do not effectively address the three-point support needed for scoliosis management. For example, supporting the concave side may not effectively counterbalance the spinal curve or maintain proper alignment, while schemes focusing solely on the extremities without addressing the central aspects of postural control and balance fail to provide adequate stability.