National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

What is the MOST important intervention for a patient with inflammatory bowel disease, dehydration, and activity planned?

1. Exercise in a Semi-Fowler's position

2. Limit lower-extremity exercise to active exercise

3. Frequently offer water throughout the treatment

4. Closely monitor heart rate and blood pressure with upright activities

The correct answer is: Closely monitor heart rate and blood pressure with upright activities

In a patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dehydration, closely monitoring heart rate and blood pressure during upright activities is crucial. This patient population may experience fluctuations in blood volume and pressure due to dehydration, which can lead to dizziness or even syncope when changing positions or engaging in activities. By closely monitoring vital signs, the therapist can detect any significant changes that may occur with increased activity. This allows for timely interventions, such as stopping activity, modifying exercise intensity, or encouraging rest if vital signs become unstable. While hydration is important, the proactive approach of monitoring vital signs is essential to ensure the patient's safety during planned activities, particularly when they are already compromised by dehydration. This focus on safety aligns with the clinical need to avoid further complications while maintaining the potential benefits of activity.