National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

What potential condition might a patient be experiencing if they have nightmares and a fear of driving following a traumatic car accident?

1. Depression

2. Malingering

3. Paranoid personality disorder

4. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

The correct answer is: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

The scenario described aligns with the diagnostic criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Following a traumatic event, such as a car accident, individuals may experience a range of symptoms, including re-experiencing the trauma through nightmares, heightened anxiety, and avoidance behaviors. The fear of driving in this context can be understood as a specific phobia linked to the traumatic experience. PTSD is characterized by intrusive thoughts, emotional distress triggered by reminders of the trauma, hyperarousal, and avoidance of situations that recall the traumatic incident. The presence of nightmares is particularly significant as they are a common symptom associated with PTSD, where the individual relives aspects of the trauma during sleep. The fear of driving symbolizes an avoidance behavior, reflecting the patient's struggle with anxiety linked to the trauma. In contrast to this, the other conditions listed do not directly correlate with the specific symptoms exhibited by the patient.