National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

What stage of lymphedema is suspected when pitting edema and palpable fibrosis are present?

1. Stage I

2. Stage 0

3. Stage II

4. Stage III

The correct answer is: Stage II

The presence of pitting edema and palpable fibrosis suggests that the condition is more advanced than the early stages of lymphedema. In the context of lymphedema staging, Stage II is characterized by the presence of pitting edema that does not resolve with elevation, along with the development of fibrotic changes in the tissue. In this stage, the lymphatic system is significantly compromised, leading to the accumulation of lymph fluid and the associated tissue changes. As the condition progresses, the edema becomes more pronounced and the skin may start to feel thickened or fibrotic, indicating chronic changes. In contrast, Stage I would typically present with pitting edema that can resolve with elevation and does not yet show signs of significant fibrosis. Stage 0 refers to a period where there is no visible swelling, but there may be a feeling of heaviness or tightness in the affected area, and thus does not align with the symptoms described. Stage III would indicate a much more severe condition, often characterized by significant non-pitting edema and advanced fibrotic changes, but not typically associated with both pitting edema and palpable fibrosis. Understanding these stages is crucial for assessment and management in physical therapy and lymphedema treatment