National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

Which dressing is appropriate for arterial insufficiency with minimum exudate that requires a moist environment?

1. Gauze

2. Hydrocolloid

3. Foam

4. Calcium alginate

The correct answer is: Hydrocolloid

The use of hydrocolloid dressings for a wound associated with arterial insufficiency that has minimum exudate and requires a moist environment is particularly suitable. Hydrocolloids are designed to create a moist wound environment, which is critical for optimal wound healing. They are moisture-retentive and can help manage low levels of exudate while simultaneously protecting the wound from external contaminants. In cases of arterial insufficiency, maintaining moisture helps facilitate healing and can promote autolytic debridement, which is the body's natural process of removing necrotic tissue. Hydrocolloids also provide a cushioning effect, enhancing comfort for the patient and minimizing trauma to the wound during dressing changes. While gauze can be used in various wound types, it does not maintain a moist environment effectively if it dries out. Foam dressings may be more appropriate for wounds with heavier exudate rather than minimal, as they are designed to absorb more fluid. Calcium alginate is also used for moderate to heavy exudate wounds due to its absorbent properties, which makes it less suitable for the described situation involving minimal exudate.