National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

Which muscles play a crucial role in increasing running velocity?

1. Plantar flexors

2. Hip flexors

3. Knee flexors

4. Hip extensors

The correct answer is: Hip extensors

The hip extensors are fundamental in increasing running velocity due to their primary role in propelling the body forward during the running gait cycle. The gluteus maximus, one of the main hip extensors, generates significant force during the push-off phase, helping to create forward momentum. As the hip extends behind the body while transitioning from mid-stance to the toe-off phase, these muscles are activated to provide the necessary power for each stride. In running, the biomechanical efficiency and strength of the hip extensors directly impact not only speed but also the overall effectiveness of the running technique. Strong hip extensors allow for a longer stride length and improved force production, both vital factors in achieving higher running speeds. Thus, the engagement of these muscles during running is crucial for maximizing velocity.