National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

Which of the following findings is MOST indicative of ectopic bone formation?

1. Decreased alkaline phosphatase levels

2. Localized edema and erythema

3. Inability to move the joint

4. Joint capsule thickening

The correct answer is: Localized edema and erythema

Localized edema and erythema are the most indicative findings of ectopic bone formation. This condition, characterized by bone development in tissues that normally do not contain bone, often occurs in association with trauma or neurological disorders. The presence of localized swelling (edema) and redness (erythema) signifies an inflammatory response in the affected area, which can be a result of ectopic ossification. Ectopic bone formation typically leads to pain and inflammation as the body responds to the abnormal growth of bone tissue. This inflammation can manifest as warmth, swelling, and redness in the area where the ectopic bone is forming. Although the other options may reflect components of joint issues or pathology, they are not specifically indicative of ectopic bone formation. Decreased alkaline phosphatase levels, for example, may indicate issues with bone metabolism or liver function but do not specifically relate to the inflammatory process associated with ectopic bone. Inability to move the joint suggests stiffness or joint dysfunction, which can result from various conditions, not just ectopic bone formation. Joint capsule thickening is more related to chronic joint pathologies or inflammatory conditions rather than specifically indicating ectopic ossification. Therefore, localized edema and erythema are strong indicators of the inflammatory process