National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of hyperparathyroidism?

1. Drowsiness and poor memory

2. Dry skin and hair loss

3. Increased heart rate and anxiety

4. Weight gain and fatigue

The correct answer is: Drowsiness and poor memory

Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, which can lead to a variety of symptoms primarily due to the effects of elevated calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemia). One of the notable neurological symptoms associated with hyperparathyroidism is drowsiness and poor memory. This occurs because elevated calcium levels can impact neurological function, leading to cognitive issues, lethargy, and confusion. The other symptoms listed align with different conditions. Dry skin and hair loss might indicate thyroid dysfunction rather than hyperparathyroidism. Symptoms such as increased heart rate and anxiety can be more directly related to conditions like hyperthyroidism. Weight gain and fatigue are often associated with hypothyroidism, making them less relevant in the context of hyperparathyroidism. Thus, drowsiness and poor memory effectively highlight a significant complication linked to the hypercalcemic state resulting from increased parathyroid hormone activity.