National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

During aquatic therapy, what water level is most appropriate for a patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bilateral knee osteoarthritis?

1. Knees

2. Hips

3. Navel

4. Shoulders

The correct answer is: Navel

The navel level is the most appropriate water level for a patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bilateral knee osteoarthritis during aquatic therapy due to the balance of buoyancy, resistance, and the therapeutic environment it offers. At this level, the body is supported enough to reduce the weight burden on the knees, providing a safe environment for movement without excessive stress on the joints, which is crucial for someone with knee osteoarthritis. Additionally, being in water at the navel level allows the patient to engage in exercises that can help improve respiratory function and stamina while minimizing the exertion required compared to land-based exercises. The buoyancy at this level helps decrease joint compression and alleviates pain, facilitating a greater range of motion and enhancing the patient's ability to participate in therapy. Higher water levels such as shoulders may offer too much buoyancy and could compromise the patient's ability to effectively engage in therapeutic activities aimed at improving mobility and strength, especially for someone with severe respiratory compromise. Conversely, water at knee level may not provide adequate buoyancy or support, potentially increasing the risk of joint pain or exacerbation of symptoms. Therefore, the navel level strikes a perfect balance for effective aquatic therapy in this context.